MySQL字符集設(shè)置

系統(tǒng)變量：

– character_set_server：默認(rèn)的內(nèi)部操作字符集

– character_set_client：客戶端來(lái)源數(shù)據(jù)使用的字符集

– character_set_connection：連接層字符集

– character_set_results：查詢結(jié)果字符集

– character_set_database：當(dāng)前選中數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的默認(rèn)字符集

– character_set_system：系統(tǒng)元數(shù)據(jù)(字段名等)字符集

– 還有以collation_開(kāi)頭的同上面對(duì)應(yīng)的變量，用來(lái)描述字符序。

       登陸MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù):

C:/Users/duansf>mysql -u root -p

Enter password: ******

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or /g.

Your MySQL connection id is 4

Server version: 5.5.13 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

一.查看MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)MySQL的字符集：

mysql> show variables like '%char%';

+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+

| Variable_name            | Value                                                         |

+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+

| character_set_client     | utf8                                                          |

| character_set_connection | utf8                                                          |

| character_set_database   | gbk                                                           |

| character_set_filesystem | binary                                                        |

| character_set_results    | utf8                                                          |

| character_set_server     | utf8                                                          |

| character_set_system     | utf8                                                          |

| character_sets_dir       | C:/Program Files (x86)/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.5/share/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

二.查看MySQL數(shù)據(jù)表（table）的MySQL字符集:

mysql> use test

Database changed

mysql> show table status from test like '%work%';

+----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------+-----------------+

--------------+-----------+----------------+---------------------+-------------+------------+-------

----------+----------+----------------+---------+

| Name     | Engine | Version | Row_format | Rows | Avg_row_length | Data_length | Max_data_length |

 Index_length | Data_free | Auto_increment | Create_time         | Update_time | Check_time | Collat

ion       | Checksum | Create_options | Comment |

+----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------+-----------------+

--------------+-----------+----------------+---------------------+-------------+------------+-------

----------+----------+----------------+---------+

| workinfo | InnoDB |      10 | Compact    |    1 |          16384 |       16384 |               0 |

        32768 |   9437184 |              4 | 2016-03-07 16:13:51 | NULL        | NULL       | utf8_g

eneral_ci |     NULL |                |         |

+----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------+-----------------+

--------------+-----------+----------------+---------------------+-------------+------------+-------

----------+----------+----------------+---------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

三.查看MySQL數(shù)據(jù)列（column）的MySQL字符集:

mysql> show full columns from workinfo;

+----------+-------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+----------------

-----------------+---------+

| Field    | Type        | Collation       | Null | Key | Default | Extra          | Privileges

                 | Comment |

+----------+-------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+----------------

-----------------+---------+

| id       | int(10)     | NULL            | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment | select,insert,u

pdate,references |         |

| name     | varchar(20) | utf8_general_ci | NO   |     | NULL    |                | select,insert,u

pdate,references |         |

| type     | varchar(10) | utf8_general_ci | YES  |     | NULL    |                | select,insert,u

pdate,references |         |

| address  | varchar(50) | utf8_general_ci | YES  |     | NULL    |                | select,insert,u

pdate,references |         |

| tel      | varchar(20) | utf8_general_ci | YES  |     | NULL    |                | select,insert,u

pdate,references |         |

| wages    | int(11)     | NULL            | YES  |     | NULL    |                | select,insert,u

pdate,references |         |

| contents | tinytext    | utf8_general_ci | YES  |     | NULL    |                | select,insert,u

pdate,references |         |

| extra    | text        | utf8_general_ci | YES  |     | NULL    |                | select,insert,u

pdate,references |         |

+----------+-------------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+----------------

-----------------+---------+

8 rows in set (0.02 sec)

解決字符集通訊設(shè)置不匹配的方法：

(修改默認(rèn)的character_set_client,character_set_connection,character_set_result)

1. 重新編譯mysql和php,mysql加入編譯參數(shù) –default-character-set=utf8

2. PHP程序在查詢數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)之前，執(zhí)行mysql_query(”set names utf8;”);

3.修改my.cnf，在[mysqld]中加入init-connect=”set names utf8” (對(duì)于超級(jí)用戶連接該選項(xiàng)無(wú)效)

4. 啟動(dòng)mysqld 加入?yún)��?shù) –skip-character-set-client-handshake 忽略客戶端字符集。